Here’s how it works: The objective lens takes incoming light rays from a distant source.

它的工作原理是这样的：物镜从远处接收入射光线。

The objective lens takes incoming light rays from a distant source. .

物镜从远处接收入射光线。

The objective lens then converges the light rays to form a real, flipped image inside the telescope.

然物镜会聚 光线，在望远镜内部形成一个真实的翻转图像。

The imprinted beam of electrons is then magnified 40 times using an objective lens and further magnified 50,000 times using a set of projector lenses.

然物镜将压印的电子束大 40 倍，并一组影仪镜头进一步大 50,000 倍。

The object is placed just beyond the focal point of the objective lens, so light rays again form a flipped real image on the other side.

多。 物置 在物镜焦点之外，因此光线再次 在另一侧形成翻转的实像。

The projector lenses magnify what has already been magnified by the objective lens, including the added aberrations, and this second magnification adds its own aberrations afterwards.

影仪镜头大物镜已经大的物，包括增加的像差， 然第二次大会增加自己的像差。

While Galileo used a concave lens for his eyepiece, the standard refracting telescope uses a convex, converging lens for both the objective lens and the eyepiece.

伽利略的目镜凹透镜，而标准折射望远镜的物镜和目镜都凸透镜。

First the objective lens – often considered the heart of the microscope – magnifies the image by 40 times and its optical aberrations define the final resolution.

首先，物镜（通常认为是显微镜的核心）将图像大 40 倍，其光学像差决定了最终的分辨率。

After all of the like terms cancel out, you’re left with a magnification equation in terms of the focal lengths of the objective lens and the eyepiece.

在抵消所有类似项，您将得到一个关于物镜和目镜焦距的大方程。

It consisted of an objective lens on the end closest to the object and an eyepiece at the other end, which magnified the image produced by the objective lens.

它由最靠近物一端的物镜和另一端的目镜组成，它大了物镜产生的图像。

After all of the like terms cancel out, you're left with a magnification equation in terms of the focal lengths of the objective lens and the eyepiece. .

在所有类似的项抵消之，就物镜和目镜的焦距而言，您会得到 一个大倍率方程。

The original subtended angle is the subtended angle of the unaided eye – the angle between the center of the objective lens and the height of the real image.

原对角是肉眼的对角——物镜中心与实像高度的夹角。

And in a ray diagram, you can see that the tangent of the first angle, theta, is the height of the real image over the focal length of the objective lens.

在射线图中，您可以看到 第一个角度的切线 theta 是真实图像 在物镜焦距上的高度。

Therefore, a considerable amount of science and engineering is dedicated to reducing the aberrations introduced by the objective lens, as that is what ultimately limits the sub-nanometer scale resolution of the microscope.

因此， 大量科学和工程致力于减少物镜引入的像差，因为这最终限制了显微镜的亚纳米级分辨率。

Many, like the Hubble Space Telescope, are reflecting telescopes, using mirrors as the objective lens so that they can have huge openings, taking in as much light as possible in order to best capture images of distant objects.

许多，如哈勃太空望远镜， 都是反射望远镜， 镜子作为物镜， 这样它们就可以有巨大的开口，吸收尽可能多的光线， 以便最好地捕捉远处物的图像。